ISO/DIS 12103-3

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 12103-3
ISO/TC 22/SC 34 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2017-05-19 2017-08-10
Road vehicles — Test contaminants for filter evaluation —
Part 3:
Soot aerosol
Titre manque —
Partie 3: Titre manque
ICS: 43.060.20; 43.060.40
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
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STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
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This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
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Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 12103-3:2017(E)
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ISO/DIS 12103-3:2017(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland

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written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Test Contaminant Definition .................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Test Contaminant Designation ............................................................................................................................................................... 1

5 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

6 Symbols and abbreviated terms ........................................................................................................................................................... 3

7 Definition of soot aerosol ............................................................................................................................................................................ 3

7.1 Generation of soot aerosol ............................................................................................................................................................ 3

7.2 Particle size distribution ................................................................................................................................................................ 3

7.3 Stability of aerosol concentration and particle size distribution ................................................................ 3

7.4 Chemical composition ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3

8 Analysis equipment and operating procedure ...................................................................................................................... 4

8.1 Analysis equipment ............................................................................................................................................................................. 4

8.2 Particle size analysis procedure ............................................................................................................................................... 4

8.3 Instrument Calibration .................................................................................................................................................................... 4

Annex A (normative) Particle Size Distributions by Number ..................................................................................................... 5

Annex B (informative) Handling and use of contaminant .............................................................................................................. 9

Annex C (normative) Concentration ..................................................................................................................................................................11

Annex D (informative) Flame Operation and Morphology .........................................................................................................13

Annex E (informative) Thermal-optical transmission analysis .............................................................................................14

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................15

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bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

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Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

ISO 12103-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road Vehicles, Subcommittee SC 34,

This second/third/... edition cancels and replaces the first/second/... edition (), [clause(s) / subclause(s)

/ table(s) / figure(s) / annex(es)] of which [has / have] been technically revised.

ISO 12103 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road Vehicles — Test Contaminant for

This part of ISO 12103 specifies two grades of test aerosol made from soot, which is composed of

soot from a combustion source similar to soot occurring in the environment that motor vehicles are

commonly subjected to. This test aerosol may be used as a test contaminant in several standards such

Ambient aerosols include at least two distinct modes of aerosol: a sub-micron mode and a super-micron

mode. Generally the sub-micron mode comes from combustion sources or condensation of gases. The

super-micron mode comes from physical abrasion processes and wind-blown dust. The test dusts

described in ISO 12103 part 1 can be used to simulate the super-micron mode of ambient aerosol for

testing air filters. The soot aerosol described in this part of ISO 12103 is intended to simulate the sub-

There are several possible methods of generating soot aerosol, to simulate the sub-micron mode

for air filter testing purposes such as dispersing soot from a powder or using generated soot from a

For generated soot from a combustion process, a new procedure is described in this part 3 of ISO 12103.

Using aliphatic hydrocarbons, the soot consists of a combination of carbon, organic hydrocarbons and

This part of ISO 12103 defines particle size distribution by number and chemical content limits

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated

references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced

ISO 15900, Determination of particle size distribution — Differential electrical mobility analysis for aerosol

Test aerosols according to this part of ISO 12103 are generated by combustion of an organic fuel in the

test lab. They consist primarily of agglomerates of carbon particles where the primary carbon particles

are on the order of 20 nanometers diameter. Some organic compounds may be condensed on the carbon

agglomerates during the combustion and dilution processes. The amount of condensed organic material

Soot contaminants are produced by burning a fuel (gas or liquid) and are broken into two standard

This flame shall lead to an aerosol consisting of 70% +/- 3% carbon, 29% +/- 3% OC and <1% other

This flame shall lead to an aerosol consisting of 50% +/- 3% carbon, 49% +/- 3% OC and <1% other

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions apply as given in the normative references.

a flame from a burner which gets its oxygen from the ambient surrounding air by diffusion and

convection mechanisms instead of having the oxygen forcibly premixed into the fuel.

within the scope of this standard this is a process in which airborne particles are produced and injected

Note 1 to entry: The method is based on a principle that uses the forces exerted on charged particle in an electro-

static field. The method is used for particles in the nanometer range and the classifier is typically combined with

particle size as recorded by an optical particle sizing instrument or spectrometer.

Note 1 to entry: The optical size differs in general from the physical size of a particle as it depends on particle

the number, mass or volume of particles as function of the particle size. For the scope of this standard

the term is used for number distributions only. Particle size distributions may have a wide variety of

shapes but for the purpose of this standard and application the distributions of soot particles can be

System which is a combination of an electro-static classifier, a differential mobility analyser and a

condensation nucleus counter. This device provides a mobility particle sizer for the soot aerosol.

particles composed mainly of carbon and being created during incomplete incineration of organic fuels.

The particles start with clusters of several hundred carbon atom and can form large grains up to several

hundred µm. Small soot particles have the tendency to agglomerate. Soot particle from combustions

consists of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC). A lot of organic compounds are known and

most of them are bound on the EC-agglomerates. Some of the organic compounds are carcinogenic like

Thermal-optical analysis is a method to measure elemental carbon (EC) with relationship to

atmospheric soot. For the thermal-optical transmission method (TOT), an emphasis on optical behavior

presents it as a method for the accurate measurement of light-absorbing particulate carbon and thus

Analysis system which positively charges the particles and uses a differential mobility analyser. This

σ geometric standard deviation (the logarithm of the GSD is the standard deviation)